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  1. Kidney stones - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic

    Apr 4, 2025 · Kidney stones develop when the urine contains more crystal-forming substances than the fluid in the urine can dilute. These substances include calcium oxalate, calcium …

  2. Kidney stones - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic

    Apr 4, 2025 · Small kidney stones that don't block your kidney or cause other health troubles can be treated by your primary healthcare professional. But if you have a large kidney stone and …

  3. Hydronephrosis - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic

    Nov 6, 2024 · It happens when urine can't drain from a kidney and builds up in the kidney as a result. The condition can be due to a blockage in the tubes that drain urine from the kidneys.

  4. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy - Mayo Clinic

    Nov 19, 2024 · Overview Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (per-kyoo-TAYN-ee-uhs NEF-roe-lih-THOT-uh-me) is a procedure used to remove kidney stones from the body when they can't …

  5. Computerized tomography (CT) urogram - Mayo Clinic

    A CT urogram may be helpful in diagnosing urinary tract conditions such as: Kidney stones Bladder stones Complicated infections Tumors or cysts Cancer Structural problems

  6. Hydronephrosis - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic

    Nov 6, 2024 · A urine test to look for clues that infection or kidney stones may be causing a blockage. An ultrasound imaging exam to view the kidneys, bladder and other parts of the …

  7. Preventing and treating kidney stones - Mayo Clinic Press

    Jun 2, 2025 · A kidney stone may sit in the kidney and cause no symptoms. But if a stone gets into the ureter or blocks part of the kidney, obstructing the flow of urine to the bladder, it will …

  8. Cystoscopy - Mayo Clinic

    Oct 25, 2025 · Diagnose bladder conditions. These may include bladder cancer and bladder stones. Treat bladder conditions. Healthcare professionals can pass special tools through the …

  9. Glomerulonephritis - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic

    Feb 24, 2024 · Acute kidney failure is the sudden, rapid decline in kidney function, often associated with an infectious cause of glomerulonephritis. The accumulation of waste and …

  10. Blood in urine (hematuria) - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic

    Dec 24, 2025 · Blood in urine that can be seen only in the lab is a common symptom of a kidney disease called glomerulonephritis. With this disease, the tiny filters in the kidneys that remove …