Abstract: In this paper, the state estimation problem with non-stationary heavy-tailed measurement noise (NHMN) is considered. The mixture of two Gaussian distributions, with a Bernoulli random ...

A new mathematical equation describes the distribution of different fragment sizes when an object breaks. Remarkably, the distribution is the same for everything from bubbles to spaghetti. When you ...

The normal distribution is a concept in statistics that assumes all values are distributed in the same pattern. It requires symmetry and consistent proportions in the distribution of values. Normal ...

There are two sets of standings for Atlantic Coast Conference schools this football season. The ranking of schools by wins and losses will impact which teams qualify for the playoff, win the ...

When business researchers analyze data, they often rely on assumptions to help make sense of what they find. But like anyone else, they can run into a whole lot of trouble if those assumptions turn ...

Physics and Python stuff. Most of the videos here are either adapted from class lectures or solving physics problems. I really like to use numerical calculations without all the fancy programming ...

Create a Python script that prompts the user to input values for ( a ), ( b ), and ( c ). Implement the quadratic formula to compute the roots. Handle cases where: The equation has two real roots. The ...

A monthly food distribution at Normal West high school often included staples such as potatoes and apples. A food pantry that serves hundreds of Bloomington-Normal residents each month is ending. One ...

Euler Method: The simplest numerical method for solving ODEs, which uses the derivative to project forward. [ y_{n+1} = y_n + h \cdot f(x_n, y_n) ] Heun's Method (Improved Euler Method): A two-step ...