Inflation over time In 1991, the Government of Canada and the Bank of Canada agreed it would be good for Canadians to have low, stable and predictable inflation. This agreement made the Bank ...

Expand your understanding of spending and saving, discover your place in the economy and explore a world-class currency collection. We supervise payment service providers under the Retail Payment ...

We study how the transmission of monetary policy innovations is affected by the endogenous response of the central bank to macroeconomic aggregates in a two-agent New Keynesian model. We focus on how ...

We present core findings from the 2024 Methods-of-Payment Survey, highlighting results from both the survey questionnaire and three-day shopping diary. Although cash holdings have increased in nominal ...

As the central bank and sole issuer of bank notes in Canada, the Bank of Canada needs to stay on top of payment trends. Every four years, we reach out to Canadians to ask them how they pay for things.

In 2016, the Bank and the Government of Canada renewed their Inflation-Control Target agreement. Learn about our research priorities that led up to the renewal.

CFIF is a group set up by the Bank of Canada to facilitate the sharing of information between market participants and the Bank on the Canadian fixed-income market.

The premium on “on-the-run” Treasuries is an anomaly. I explain it using a model in which primary dealers hold inventories of Treasuries. I use the model to analyze the effects of granting access to ...

The Market Participants Survey results are based on questionnaire responses from about 30 financial market participants.

On Wednesday, August 13, 2025, the Bank of Canada will publish a summary of the deliberations that took place ahead of its interest rate decision on July 30, 2025.

Overall, results of the second-quarter 2025 survey show that the CSCE indicator—a measure developed to summarize the opinions of Canadian consumers—declined again this quarter as spending intentions ...

Tariffs and related uncertainty continue to weigh on firms, according to results from the Business Outlook Survey and the Business Leaders’ Pulse. While overall sales outlooks remain weak, outlooks ...