It’s just a fact of life. A BJT wired in common emitter, even after compensating for the effects of device and temperature variations, still isn’t a perfect current source. Figure 1 Current mirror ...
Building on Cornford's sub-ohmmeter PWB defect-sniffer, this time, stretching the resistance sensing range to double-digit ...
Circuit and system design requirements often mean compromises. For example, optoisolators are used almost everywhere, but they are highfrequency limited. This simple circuit allows for wider bandwidth ...