Let x and y be two random variables with continuous cumulative distribution functions f and g. A statistic U depending on the relative ranks of the x's and y's is proposed for testing the hypothesis f ...

Extropy has emerged as a pivotal measure in the quantification of uncertainty, serving as a complementary counterpart to the traditional concept of entropy. Unlike entropy, which is widely used to ...

Fuzzy statistics and random variables represent a progressive fusion of traditional probability theory with the principles of fuzzy logic, enabling the treatment of imprecision and vagueness inherent ...