A random variable is one whose value is unknown or a function that assigns values to each of an experiment’s outcomes. A random variable can be discrete or continuous.

A parametric family of spectral density-covariance function pairs for stationary spatial processes is introduced. The spectral densities are rational functions of elliptic forms along with factors in ...

Fundamental methods are developed for the derivation of the probability density function and moments of rational algebraic functions of independent random variables. Laplace and Mellin integral ...