The demand function The first step in the process of coming up with a marginal revenue derivative is to estimate the demand function.

Analytic functions, defined by the property of being locally expressible as convergent power series, form a cornerstone of complex analysis. Differential operators, which act on these functions by ...

Motivated by infinitesimal perturbation analysis (IPA) and the likelihood ratio (LR) method, we derive a new unbiased stochastic derivative estimator for a class of discontinuous payoff functions that ...