The Market Participants Survey results are based on questionnaire responses from about 30 financial market participants.

We present core findings from the 2024 Methods-of-Payment Survey, highlighting results from both the survey questionnaire and three-day shopping diary. Although cash holdings have increased in nominal ...

The Department of Finance and the Bank of Canada are seeking the views of government securities distributors, institutional investors, and other interested parties on issues related to the design and ...

We study how the transmission of monetary policy innovations is affected by the endogenous response of the central bank to macroeconomic aggregates in a two-agent New Keynesian model. We focus on how ...

We study consumer cash inventory behavior by developing a dynamic model of forward-looking consumers and estimating structural parameters of the model using detailed consumer survey data. Consumers ...

On Wednesday, August 13, 2025, the Bank of Canada will publish a summary of the deliberations that took place ahead of its interest rate decision on July 30, 2025.

Inflation over time In 1991, the Government of Canada and the Bank of Canada agreed it would be good for Canadians to have low, stable and predictable inflation. This agreement made the Bank ...

As the central bank and sole issuer of bank notes in Canada, the Bank of Canada needs to stay on top of payment trends. Every four years, we reach out to Canadians to ask them how they pay for things.

Deputy Governor Timothy Lane explains how the Bank of Canada is preparing for a future where Canadians may need a digital currency issued by their central bank.

Governor Stephen S. Poloz shows how Canada’s economic progress has been driven by its historic preference for openness to immigration, investment and trade.

Senior Deputy Governor Carolyn Wilkins discusses the risks and opportunities for Canada of China’s economic transition.

Expand your understanding of spending and saving, discover your place in the economy and explore a world-class currency collection. We supervise payment service providers under the Retail Payment ...