Probability theory constitutes the mathematical framework for quantifying uncertainty and analysing random phenomena. Its foundations lie in measure theory, where a probability space is defined as a ...

Imprecise probability theory provides a robust alternative to traditional probability by representing uncertainty through ranges or sets of values rather than single numerical estimates. This ...

Their ambitions were always high. When Will Sawin and Melanie Matchett Wood first started working together in the summer of 2020, they set out to rethink the key components of some of the most ...

In A Philosophical Essay on Probabilities, published in 1814, Pierre-Simon Laplace introduced a notorious hypothetical creature: a “vast intelligence” that knew the complete physical state of the ...