Past neuroscience and psychology research has repeatedly demonstrated the crucial role of rewards in how humans and other animals acquire behaviors that promote their survival. Dopaminergic neurons, ...

For almost a century, psychology and neuroscience researchers have been trying to understand the processes via which humans and other animals acquire new skills or learn to deal with specific ...

Summary: A paradigm-shifting study has upended a decades-long neurological assumption that learning speed depends entirely on repetition and experience rather than the size of a reward. The research ...

A new study is challenging one of neuroscience’s most enduring ideas: that the brain’s reward system exists to make us feel good. Instead, researchers argue that it is built to optimize energy.

If you've heard of two of the brain's chemical neurotransmitters, it's probably dopamine and serotonin. Never mind that glutamate and GABA do most of the work - it's the thrill of dopamine as the ...

At each sampling time instant, one observes system output and action to form discrete-time rewards. The sampled input-output data are collected along the trajectory of the dynamical system in ...