Clinical research has always been the backbone of medical progress, providing the data and insights needed to develop new treatments, improve patient outcomes, and advance public health. Yet, the ...

Adopting a targeted, multi-pass reading approach to research studies can help you efficiently locate and extract the information you’re looking for while identifying potential limitations. Reading a ...

Empirical research requires good data to complement statistical rigor in providing answers to global poverty questions. Poor data quality can lead to biases in causal inference, lower the probability ...

In April 2025, the FDA announced plans to shift biomedical research for monoclonal antibodies and other medications away from animal testing toward new approaches. One year later, much speculation ...

The FDA has released a draft guidance outlining how drug developers can validate new approach methodologies (NAMs) as alternatives to animal testing in preclinical drug development. The guidance, ...

Dennis M. Gorman does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond ...

A behind-the-scenes blog about research methods at Pew Research Center. For our latest findings, visit pewresearch.org. The Pew-Knight Initiative supports new research on how Americans absorb civic ...