For large-scale industrial production of high-value therapeutic proteins, mammalian cell lines form a vital platform. Unfortunately, this production is often hampered by low predictability and ...

Trace elements or metal elements are minerals found in trace levels in biological tissues. Some are confirmed to be nutritionally important, while the remaining are deemed non-essential. While trace ...

For the first time, a freshly made heavy element, strontium, has been detected in space, in the aftermath of a merger of two neutron stars. The detection confirms that the heavier elements in the ...

Transitions between different electronic energy levels in elements occur at unique energies and intensities, giving each element a distinctive emission spectrum. When the energy of an incident photon ...