Current limitations of in vitro human models do not take away from their ... stratified epithelial tissue for exploring more complex biology, including tumor microenvironments, skin, and lung ...

Human cell models may never be as good as the real thing, but we need these models to be as close as possible to understand how diseases develop and progress, and whether treatments are effective.

Mamm. Genome. doi: 10.1007/s00335-007-9014-8 (2007). Peters, L. L. et al. The mouse as a model for human biology: a resource guide for complex trait analysis. Nature Rev. Genet. 8, 58–69 (2007).

Machine learning models can be trained on ... are transforming our understanding of human health and disease by providing a ...