balancing safety and efficiency in water treatment operations. Chemical Dosing Systems Incorporating precise chemical dosing ...

The treatment process begins with coagulation where chemicals are added to the water. The next step is flocculation where water is mixed to form larger particles called flocs. This is followed by ...

Selenium is a critical element, particularly for the thyroid and immune system, but too little or too much can be harmful to both humans and wildlife. A team of researchers at Washington University in ...

Borrowing inspiration from water treatment plants ... used it for that purpose in the first century. Alum causes coagulation and flocculation so that particles in the water wind up sinking ...

for potential reuse in acidic wastewater treatment, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 173: 283-291. Walsh, M.E., N. Zhao, N., Gora, S.L. and G.A. Gagnon (2009) Effect of coagulation and flocculation ...