A hydrogel converts chemical differences into spatial logic, using reaction boundaries to perform biological computing without cascaded molecular gates.

Biting, chewing, slicing—human teeth withstand wear and tear over the course of a lifetime. Their resilience is partially due to the hardness of tooth enamel, a biomaterial that new research shows is ...

Living organisms adapt their behavior and movements based on information they acquire from their surrounding environment. But oftentimes this information is imperfect, and the organism needs to act ...

A research team at the University of Chicago has discovered a crucial signaling pathway that controls the growth of nascent nerves within the spinal cord, guiding them toward the brain during ...

A research group led by Prof. Luo Tianzhi from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, collaborating with Prof. Wang Zhengzhi's team from Wuhan ...

The transport of ions is essential to maintain electrophysiological balance on either side of the membrane, called osmotic balance, which is needed for signals to be transduced from their chemical ...