Researchers have developed innovative methods to control the ionization of atoms and molecules using specially ... their electrons and become charged particles (that's ionization).

1. Convert kilograms/second to grams per second. 1 kg = 1000 grams. If the mass flowrate is 0.25 kilograms/second, convert this to 250 grams/second. 2. Convert grams to moles, using the molar mass of ...

Molecules can be thought of as atoms that share electrons ... temperature measures the average kinetic energy of the molecules or particles in an object or substance. The hotter they get, the ...

While the presence of these molecules is not proof of ancient life on Mars, scientists say it shows we could detect chemical ...

Within the vascular compartment these particles or molecules encounter blood cells, platelets, coagulation factors and plasma proteins and depending on the size and charge, NPs and NMs may undergo ...

Sometimes, they lose their electrons and become charged particles (that's ionization ... control of strong-field ionization in atoms and molecules, Nature Communications (2025).