France’s nuclear deterrent, while “totally and invariably sovereign,” plays a role in Europe’s security, Macron told troops and officers gathered in Paris.

France had aimed to double its defence budget from 2017 levels by 2030. However, Macron pledged to reach the target by 2027. A military budget that stood at 32 billion euros ($37.40 billion) in 2017 will rise to 64 billion euros by 2027, with an additional 3.5 billion euros allocated for next year and another 3 billion euros in 2027.